In shortOwners and contractors price from the same book, with negotiation mostly about selected items and quantities. Define who supplies facility information, prepares the scope and proposal, reviews the inputs and authorizes the order.[1][2]

Agree on the same work first

Because both parties price from the same book, negotiation is mostly about line-item selection and quantities. The owner needs a proposal that represents the intended work; the contractor needs a defined scope from which to select tasks and prepare the takeoff. Use the same scope version during review.[1]

Illustrative example: a school district wants damaged ceiling tiles replaced and a corridor repainted over a holiday break. The school supplies the intended area and access information; the contractor connects the described work to selected book entries and supported quantities. The task assignments below are practical guidance, not a substitute for the contract’s allocation of authority.

Divide the corridor tasks explicitly

Before the site walk, assign the people who will provide facility information, record decisions and prepare the proposal. Identify the owner’s reviewers and authorized issuer separately. A person who can confirm school access is not automatically the person authorized to issue the order.

Practical owner and contractor task split
StageOwner: assign these tasksContractor: assign these tasks
Define the needIdentify corridor limits, intended tile replacement and painting result.Raise missing task details and clarify what is needed to price the work.
Site meetingProvide the school contact, access information and scope decisions.Walk the area, record trade observations and support measurements.
Written scopeConfirm inclusions, exclusions and facility arrangements.Identify unclear instructions and connect tasks to proposal preparation.
ProposalMake the current scope and agreed work window available.Select entries, retain takeoff support and show applicable coefficients.
ReviewCompare work and quantities with the scope; record questions and decisions.Explain selections, answer quantity questions and identify revisions.
IssuanceObtain required reviews and issuance by the authorized person.Confirm receipt of the required issued documents before starting.
Work and closeoutAssign decisions and completion review required by the contract.Record work questions and assemble required completion information.

Ask questions that identify a decision

For the ceiling work, compare the proposed quantity with the marked damaged tiles and the entry’s unit. For painting, compare the takeoff with the included surfaces. If you cannot trace a quantity, ask for its supporting measurement rather than asking for a general reduction.[2][4]

Check that access and hours in the proposal match the school’s agreed arrangements. Solicitations may distinguish normal and other than normal working hours; work outside normal hours is generally expected to carry a higher coefficient. A holiday break is not enough information to select the category.

Record whether each comment requests an explanation, a scope decision or a revised input. If the adjoining lobby is added, confirm that boundary change before asking for new pricing. Assign a person to answer questions about school use or access that the contractor cannot settle.

  • Which marked tile locations support this quantity?
  • Which surfaces are included in the painting takeoff?
  • Does the entry already include the associated work listed separately?
  • Which defined hours category matches the proposed schedule?
  • Which scope and proposal revisions are ready for issuance?

Make the proposal easy to verify

Contractors bid their coefficient or coefficients. A coefficient covers costs outside book unit prices, including general and administrative and other overhead, insurance and bonding. Each line amount multiplies unit price by quantity and the applicable factor.[2][3]

Prepare the corridor proposal from the current written scope, not from a memory of the walk. Keep entry references beside tasks and location-labeled takeoff support beside quantities. Show the coefficient category so the reviewer can compare it with the proposed hours.

Answer a review comment at the input it identifies. Provide the tile count or painting measurement for a quantity question; explain the full entry description for a task-selection question. If a comment reveals an undecided work boundary, request the scope decision before presenting a revised total.

Give trades and estimators clear boundaries

Ask ceiling and painting trade participants to identify missing details before pricing. Record which locations and associated tasks belong to their contribution, along with interfaces that need coordination. Bring unresolved condition or access questions back to the scope decision-maker.

For the estimator, retain counts, dimensions, units and any conversion used in the takeoff. Mark unconfirmed measurements rather than letting them look final in the proposal. Check separately selected tasks against entry inclusions to avoid counting the same described work twice.

Finish with one matching job package

The owner should identify the final scope, accepted proposal and outstanding approvals. The contractor should confirm which package was issued and report any difference from the proposal used for review. Do not start the corridor work on the basis of a productive meeting alone.

During work, record a new condition or requested addition against its location and affected scope task. Follow the required decision process before treating it as ordered work. At closeout, compare the completed corridor tasks with the issued description and collect the required records.

Programs vary; check your solicitation and contract for requirements and authority to proceed.

Sources

  1. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Transatlantic Middle East District, "Old contracting tool leads to new successes in Kuwait"
  2. Army Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (AFARS), "Subpart 5117.90 - Job Order Contracts"
  3. Arizona State University, "Job Order Contracting Performance" (2015 report)
  4. Associated Schools of Construction, "Job-Order-Contracting for Facility Owners" (2006)
Next guideJOC for facility backlogs and recurring work